Princely Jets (Pvt.) Ltd. the Air Ambulance Written...

Princely Jets (Pvt.) Ltd. – The Air Ambulance | Written Analysis of a Case | Mariam Soomro, Sharmain Malik, Syed Zainul Islam amp; Farooq Tirmizi | Introduction This paper will be referring to the case study â€Å"Princely Jets (Pvt.) Ltd. – The Air Ambulance†. It will discuss at length the issues brought out in the case which concern the new Air Ambulance service that Akbar Group of Companies is planning to launch. This paper asserts that Akbar Group should go ahead with the launch of the new service at the proposed price US$ 750 monthly membership and an hourly rate of usage of US$2500. The paper will attempt to justify the pricing strategy and discuss the mix of promotion tools that they should make use of. Overview The Akbar†¦show more content†¦In the Karachi region they planned to provide their services within a radius of 125 nautical miles (225 land miles). The justification behind this radius was that they wanted to transport the patient to the nearest medical facility within a maximum of 90 minutes. They planned to offer air ambulance services with two fully equipment helicopters with multiple seating and at least two patient beds. They would have on board a fully trained paramedic team including a doctor, state-of-the-art medical equipment, life saving and emergency medicines, oxygen and blood transfusion capabilities. The air ambulance aimed to offer a smooth transition of the patient from the helicopter to the emergency room. Financially Viability As seen from the expected revenue above, after the first year this project will generate a profit stream which will make this a viable project. The Air Ambulance project is suitable for a country like Pakistan where one sees in Exhibit 9A and Exhibit 9B that there is a high requirement for such services. To support this one should also look at Exhibit 12 to see the number of people that are in need of such services and have no other alternative. Pricing The two pronged strategy that is being offered by Mr. Ghouse is feasible since targeted market segment pays little importance to prices. They consider the value of the services. Therefore, as they are willing to pay these prices

Juvenile Offenders And Juvenile Delinquency - 1053 Words

Juvenile repeat offenders receive little to no punishment for the crimes that they commit. The disposition that juvenile repeat offenders receive in some states at the highest are community service, detention centers, or probation. What makes a juvenile crime is status offenses. A juvenile status offense consist of crimes that would not under law be considered as crimes by an adult but crimes by juvenile youths. Status offenses consist of truancy, running away, violating curfew, underage possession of alcohol, and tobacco. The problem with the juvenile justice system is the fact that they receive little to no punishment for the crimes they commit. The reason for this being is because by law being a minor the activity they are committing is not a crime. In some cases rehabilitation for juveniles are not effective enough. Incarcerating juveniles without rehabilitating them seems to not work. Incarcerating juveniles does not decrease the recidivism rate; it apparently adds to it. The statement does not mean that correctional facilities are failing with our youth. According to Dr. Sortino, rehabilitation programs that are being used are not working as effectively as they should (Sortino, 2012). A study conducted in March 2012 by the North Carolina Department of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (now called the Division of Juvenile Justice) stated that North Carolina averages more than five days in detention for status offenses, detains as many low-risk youth as itShow MoreRelatedJuvenile Offenders And Juvenile Delinquency1610 Words   |  7 PagesJuvenile delinquency, also known as juvenile offending, is participation in illegal behavior by minors8. A juvenile delinquent in the United States is a person who is typically unde r the age of 17 and commits an act that otherwise would have been charged as a crime if they were an adult. Depending on the type and severity of the offense committed, it is possible for persons under 18 to be charged and tried as adults. Juvenile crimes can range from status offenses (such as underage smoking), toRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency Act ( Jda ) And Young Offenders Act1260 Words   |  6 PagesJuvenile delinquents, individuals who are under 18 and have committed a crime, have been sentenced in a variety of procedures throughout the years. This may occur for various crimes such as theft, sexual assaults, etc. Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA), a part of Canadian Legislation, determines the process of prosecution for youths under the Canadian Criminal Justice system. This has assisted several young adults reintegrate into society. It contains a set of definitive purposes and principles toRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency : Should Severity Of Punishment For Young Offenders Be T he Same As Adults?1200 Words   |  5 PagesJuvenile Delinquency: Should Severity of Punishment for Young Offenders Be the Same as Adults? Throughout centuries of development, crime and social safety are still the biggest concerns for a country since it can influence the political, economic, and social aspects. With the evolution of human civilization, more than seventy percent of the world has been urbanized into developed countries. These countries contain advanced technologies, highly-comprehensive policies and economic system. Along withRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency Treatment : Description And Fundamental Principles1452 Words   |  6 PagesJuvenile Delinquency Treatment: Description and Fundamental Principles When treating juvenile delinquency the goal is to punish or rehabilitate the problem children after they have offended and been caught. To punish is to induce pain or payment for misconduct, while rehabilitation revolves around productive work pertaining to a program of education, along with counseling of some nature (Musick, 1995, pg. 233). It is typically assumed that adolescents deserve and require distinct management becauseRead MoreThe Juvenile Justice System And Juvenile Offenders941 Words   |  4 Pageswhich the juvenile justice system responds to female offenders. Historically juvenile female offenders have been treated under status offense jurisdiction (Zahn et al., 2010, p. 10). United States Courts would exercise the principle of â€Å"parens patriae† to place the female in detention as a form of punishment for misbehavior (Sherman, 2012, pp. 1589-1590). This principle also remains prevalent as it pertains to how the juvenile justice system currently responds to juvenile female offenders. StudiesRead MoreJuvenile Crime And Juvenile Delinquency1322 Words   |  6 PagesVersion). Juvenile crime, in law, term denoting various offense committed by children or youth under the age of 18. U.S. official crime reported that in the mid-1900’s â€Å"about one-fifth of all persons arrested for crimes were under the age of 18† (Funk Wagnalls, 2014). Such acts are sometimes referred to as juvenile delinquency (Funk Wagnalls, 2014. Offering constructive programs reduces juvenile delinquency and reduces recidivism. â€Å"From the beginning, the principal consideration of the juvenile courtsRead MoreThe Characteristics Of Juvenile Delinquency1111 Words   |  5 Pages The Characteristics of Juvenile Offender and Corresponding Measures in Japan. All through the ages, juvenile delinquency exists. However the tendency of characteristics has varied across the ages and social change. Even though it should be addressed, the counterplan the government prepares are only a semblance and seems to not address essentials, so the government should be dealing with juvenile delinquency and children juveniles should be treated in a fundamental way before they commit criminalRead MoreEssay on Juvenile Delinquency1652 Words   |  7 PagesJuvenile Delinquency Everyday we read in the newspaper or watch T.V and hear news of crimes committed by Juveniles. With all of the crime being reported by the media about juveniles, one can’t help but wonder if all of our nation’s youth are juvenile delinquents. Although there are many cases where the juvenile did not commit a serious crime, there are others where the crime is so bad the juvenile court system tries the juvenile as an adult. Instead of seeking help for the individual, our justiceRead MoreGender Roles : The Juvenile Justice System1244 Words   |  5 PagesGender Roles in the Juvenile Justice System What role does gender play at the various stages of the juvenile justice system? Gender plays an enormous role in the juvenile justice system; both boys and girls have their fair share of run-ins with the Juvenile Justice System, but now more so than ever, females crime rates have increased. In some instances within the juvenile justice system, it may appear that boys and girls are comparable; however there are differences, even though they are subtle.Read MoreA Juvenile Delinquent Is Someone Under The Age Of 18 Who1033 Words   |  5 PagesA juvenile delinquent is someone under the age of 18 who commits a criminal act. There are a few traits of the average juvenile offender. Family could be a big factor in a child becoming a juvenile delinquent. Coming from a dysfunctional family unit to having poor role models. By dysfunctional family unit I mean a family separated by divorce, or single-parenthood. Community is another trait of a juvenile delinquent. Including but not limited to p overty. Coming from a poor community where they do

Ebays Failure in China - 6789 Words

International Strategy eBay’s failure in China 1 Table†©of†©contents†© 2†© Introduction........................................................................................................................................... 2†© 3†© Theoretical†©background .................................................................................................................... 3†© 3.1†© The†©SWOT†©Analysis......................................................................................................................................3†© 3.2†© The†©Porter’s†©5†©forces ...................................................................................................................................4†© 3.3†¦show more content†¦what†© is†© the†© appropriate†© organizational†© structure†© to†© support†© the†© configuration†© of†© the†© MNC†© (PORTER,†© 1986).†© Furthermore,†© a†© company†© has†© to†© determine,†© in†© respect†© to†© its†© industry,†© the†© optimal†© trade†© off†© between†© global†© integration†© †© local†© responsiveness.†© The†© standardization†© vs.†© localization†© trade†© offâ₠¬ ©matrix†©has†©lead†©to†©4†©international†©approaches:†©International†©Exporter,†©Global,†©Transnational†© and†© Multi†domestic†© (PRAHALAD†© †© DOZ,†© 1987†© /†© BARTLETT†© †© GHOSHAL,†© 1989).†© Two†© frameworks†©can†©be†©useful†©for†©companies†©in†©this†©case:†©The†©OLI†©framework†©identifies†©the†©firm’s†© motivation†© for†© becoming†© a†© MNC.†© Furthermore,†© the†© AAA†© framework†© helps†© companies†© decide†© how†©to†©expand†©their†©business†©abroad.†© Where†©Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ¢â‚¬ ©Should†©companies†©start†©operations†©in†©large†©markets†©or†©the†©familiar†©ones?†©On†©which†© terms†© should†© companies†© basedà ¢â‚¬ © judgments†© about†© investing†© in†© foreign†© markets?†© †Ã¢â‚¬ © The†© CAGE†© framework†© helps†© companies†© in†© evaluating†© the†© proper†© opportunities†© in†© foreign†© markets,†© compared†©with†©the†©respective†©costs†©and†©risks†©that†©might†©occur.†© The†©focus†©of†©this†©paper†©is†©to†©understand†©and†©analyse†©the†©key†©drivers†©behind†©why†©eBay1†©has†© experienced†©failure†©in†©China†©and†©success†©in†©the†©UK.†©Our†©analysis†©will†©be†©supported†©by†©a†©SWOT†© analysis†©and†©a†©5†©Porter’s†©forces†©analysis,†©as†©well†©as†©by†©the†©frameworks†©mentioned†©above.†© 1†©EBay†©Inc.,Show MoreRelatedEbays Major Mistakes in the Asian Markets1374 Words   |  6 Pagescareful planning, they would have been able to successfully make the transition to Asian markets. eBay instead debuted in these countries with too much of a swagger and not enough cultural knowledge and sensitivity. One of the biggest reasons for eBays failure in Asia was that the company failed to understand that in  Asia  theres a stigma against buying used goods. In some parts of Asia, even among siblings, people dont even pass down their clothes (Schonfeld, 2005). Even though the need to tradeRead MoreCase Study â€Å"Ebay in China†1652 Words   |  7 Pagesby acquiring a 33% stake in its local counterpart, EachNet, followed by a full acquisition a year later in 2003. Critically assess eBay.s choice of market entry strategy for China, listing both the advantages and disadvantages of its acquisition strategy. As we know, eBay’s China expansion strategy can be considered as failure, despite the fact that eBay entered this potentially rewarding market with caution. This cautious strategy was very unusual for eBay, because they used full-forced, head-onRead MoreEbay s Strategy Of China912 Words   |  4 PagesEbay’s Strategy in China Founded in 1995 by Pierre Omidyar, eBay became a very successful U.S. company that provides global e-commerce and e-payments. EBay developed very rapidly due its unique expansion strategies. While during mid – to late 1990s dotcom companies had been facing failure of their crash, EBay managed to survive and by 2006 had 221.6 million registered users (Exhibit 10), 2.4 billion items listed (Exhibit 5), and global net revenues of $4.3 billion (Exhibit 4). In order to describeRead MoreTaobao Case Analysis1551 Words   |  7 PagesHARVARD BUSINESS CASE: ALIBABA’S TAOBAO (A) GROUP 2 – GMBA Question 1: What are the major differences in the web designs of Taobao and eBay in China? Which is preferred to on-line buyers and sellers in China? Why? Taobao sought to distinguish itself from eBay in numerous ways. So Taobao’s web designs were imbued with a strong local culture that reflected a deep understanding of Chinese consumers and an attitude of informality. First of all, the website was designed like a Chinese department storeRead MoreEbay International Case Study Essay739 Words   |  3 Pagesexpediential growth has propelled EBay to be the world’s largest online market place. EBay started in the United States, which still accounts for a large part of EBay’s profits, but as EBay continues to expand the international market has started to outpace the national market. In 2010 international sales accounted for 51% of eBay profits. EBay’s unprecedented growth in the global market has been an astonishing feat of strategic marketing and branding with its use of joint ventures, licensing, and purchasingRead MoreE Commerce Powerhouse Ebay Is Known Internationally As A Leader1476 Words   |  6 PagesPierre Omidyar in 1995 in San Francisco Originally eBay went by the name Auction Web and was launched with the purpose of enabling site users/consumers with the ability to trade unique items with each other. Under eBayâ €™s business model, of the time a seller would place an item on eBay’s site with a minimum bid set for the buyer and the duration specified for auctioning that item. The services were provided by eBay free of charge. The free services however, did not last long as the site quickly gainedRead MoreAnalysis of Ebay China’s Failure and Suggestions to Ebay’s Return Strategy from the Perspective of Cross-Cultural Conflicts7600 Words   |  31 PagesAnalysis of eBay China’s Failure and Suggestions to eBay’s Return Strategy from the Perspective of Cross-cultural Conflicts 1. Introduction Along with the development of global economy, no one is unfamiliar with the word of globalization, and the world is filled with multinational-corporations. In such circumstances, those companies have realized that the necessary way to survive in the global market and maintain the competitive advantages is toRead MoreEssay on Ebay in Asia1188 Words   |  5 Pagesinternet. The growth of eBay was quick and continuous, and today is a biggest global internet business. However, with all of eBay’s success, the company has struggled in Japan, China, and other Asian markets. Yahoo and eBay have both similar and different strategies they use to approach the Asian market. China made a significant move by giving control of its main China operation to Tom Online. In addition to all that they have done, there are a few additional strategies that eBay could use inRead MoreEbay Problems in Asian Markets2166 Words   |  9 Pagesglobal business. Answering the question about the pr oblems that EBay has in the Asian market will allow me to discuss and apply concepts of the global market learned in module one in support of my answers. Lastly this correspondence will assess how EBay’s Marketing Mix assessment of the Four P’s assisted them in the global marketing strategy the company adopted for the Asian Markets? Why did EBay want to expand globally and why did nations wanted their business? The reasons EBay decided toRead MoreEbay Case Study2736 Words   |  11 Pagesmarketplace for eBay to expand their business. Since 1995, eBay enjoyed strong revenue growth and was a dominant player in online auction industry. With previous experience of extending their business in Europe, North America, Latin America and failure in China and Japan, eBay was once again struggling to compete in the Asian market. From the beginning, there is no main aim for eBay to have a further plan about acquisition to expand and identify synergies within existing business line. But for taking

Ethics in Social Networking and Business †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Ethics in Social Networking and Business. Answer: Introduction Platform based peer production system or as commonly known as common based peer production can be defined as a socio economic activity. As opined by Kostakis, Niaros and Giotitsas (2015), such system of producing goods and services involves the usage of the latest technology and internet services. The platform based peer production system has been able to grow and develop in the technological environment. The basic principle of this system of production is that it brings together hundreds and thousands of people who aim to work together for the purpose of effectively sharing knowledge, information and cultural goods. However, organizations that have been built on such platform based peer production system do not have a rigid managerial hierarchy and are not subject to very competitive market pricing. According to Bauwens and Niaros (2017), the presence of several factors including innovative software and unique technologies have contributed to the growth of companies based on the Platform based peer production system. However, in this essay it will be discussed whether proponents of this system are right in claiming that companies based on platform based peer production system have positively affected the society or those who believe that the operations of such companies are inherently unethical. Aforementioned discussion will be done in light of the companies Uber and Deliveroo have been chosen as they are companies which are based on platform based peer production system. The common based or platform based peer production model was first developed by Yochai Bnekler, a Harvard Law school professor (Benkler, 2016). The business models of companies such as Uber and Deliveroo, have provided enormous scope of growth and expansion, however such companies have been facing some labor issues. According to a report by Forbes, the companies Uber and Deliveroo have been involved in a lot controversy regarding whether the operations of the company (Forbes.com 2018). The companies have faced allegations that their operations are not in compliance with the ethical standards. Uber has been received several accusations of sexual harassment of the employees and customers. Uber has also been accused of illegally acquiring medical records of Rape victims in order to put down their claims (The Conversation, 2018). The HR department of Uber has also faced allegations of having unfavorable work environment for women. Having been involved in such immoral, unethical and activ ities has adversely affected the reputation of Uber. However, it does not seem to affect the bottom line of Ubers operations. The CEO of Uber, Travis Kalanick had announced that the company would undertake an investigation to find the people who were responsible for the allegations of sexual harassment as faced by the company (www.theguardian.com 2018). After the results of the investigations had been revealed 20 employees of Uber were terminated for indulging in inappropriate sexual conduct, some of whom were senior officials. However the identities of the employees had not been disclosed. The management of the company had initially assessed that improving the PR of the company would be effective to cleanse its image however, it has not been sufficient to get it out of the controversies (Constantiou, Marton and Tuunainen 2017). The transport department of London has decided to withdraw the license of Uber which will make Uber non operation in the territory of London (The Conversation, 2018). Ubers business model primarily focuses on the growth and expansion of the company which reflects its imperial ambitions. The economic business model of the company does not have scope for allocating funds to improve the safety of the customers and the drivers alike and adopt of a CSR policy. The business model of Uber is very similar to that of Amazon. Both the companies primarily rely on the investments made by the investors to fund growth and expansion of the same in new markets (Graham and Woodcock 2018). Amazon had been able to achieve monopoly in the retail sector by making huge investments in the initial phase. Becoming a monopoly in the retail market has allowed it to earn huge profits. Amazon however, had a competitive advantage over the retail stores as it did not have to incur cost of establishments and maintenance of the shop fronts, which the other retail stores had to incur for conducting business. However there is one primary difference retail industry and the taxi busi ness. As opined by Massotte (2017), the retail industry makes use of economies of scale to operate in the national and then in the international markets. The taxi industry however operates in a different way and thus has remained localized. The major costs involved in the taxi industry are costs of cars, fuels and drivers. However Ubers business model does not recognize such costs and only focuses on the allocation of funds for evolving in new markets. The goal of evolving in new markets is achieved by subsidizing the wages of the drivers and reducing the passenger fees. Uber has been able to grow and emerge in new markets due to the investment of $11.5 billion dollars which was raised from investors and banks. However, the company has not been able to make substantive profits ever since it started operating. In the year 2016, the company sustained loss of three billion dollars. Uber thus has to pay back the sum either by equity or debts. Thus it can be said that the ever growing debts of the company does not allow the company to afford compliance with ethical standards. Uber is required to provide safety to the customers and employment protection to the drivers so as to function properly in a regulated market. If the company continues to face competition from the local competitors the company will not be able to achieve monopoly and has little hope of repaying the sum to the investors. Deliveroo is another company, which is based on platform based peer production system and has been involved in controversies for not complying with ethical standards. Deliveroo managers have claimed that the couriers who are engaged in delivering takeaways are not to be treated as employees of the company but merely independent suppliers. Managers have suggested that as couriers who make deliveries are treated as independent contractors, they do not have any employment rights. Such suppliers are differentiated from the staff and the employees who constitute the team. As opined by (Sabin 2016), treating the drivers and suppliers by Uber and Deliveroo has allowed the companies to avoid the obligations of paying a minimum wage to them. The business models of the aforementioned companies treat the drivers and the food suppliers as independent contractors for the purpose of saving millions of dollars in Holiday pay and sick leave. The management of Deliveroo has been provided with a list of dos and donts as the workers who had employed by the company in the gig economy claimed to take legal action against the company (www.theguardian.com 2018). Such couriers who make deliveries and takewayas have demanded that a clarification must be provided regarding the differentiation between the employees and independent contractors. The couriers have demanded more employment rights including the right to receive a minimum wage, holiday and sick pay (Recruitment-international.co.uk, 2018). According to the reports issued by the law firm Leigh Day, over two hundred Deliveroo workers have claimed that they should be recognized and addressed as employees as they are required to carry out a shift trial, wear uniforms during the duty hours and are paid wages is much lesser than the minimum wage rate (www.theguardian.com 2018). It has been claimed that the movements of the couriers are constantly monitored by their employers an d such couriers are subjected to performance reviews by such couriers, however, the company does not acknowledge and recognize them as employees of the organization, they have no say over the terms of their employment. The operations of the companies like Uber and Deliveroo, which are based on the platform based peer production system, can be analyzed by the application of several ethical theories. According to the theory of Utilitarianism, it can be said that a act is considered to be right and ethical if it aims to create the greatest benefit for the most number of people. As opined by (Eggleston and Miller, 2014), the actions of individuals and companies must ensure to maximize the good consequences over the bad consequences. The theory of Utilitarianism focuses on the utility of actions. As opined by (Hall and Page, 2015), utility of any action is calculated by summation of the consequences of the actions undertaken by individuals. For the purpose of assessing whether the operations of the companies Uber and Deliveroo are in line with the ethical principles of Utilitarianism, it is important to identify the stakeholders involved. The drivers and the customers are the stakeholders for Uber and the couriers who take deliveries are stakeholders for Deliveroo. It can be said that Uber has failed to create the greatest good for the customers and drivers. The acts of sexual haras sments faced by customers of Uber provide evidence that ethical standards are not met by the company. The act of not recognizing the drivers as employees in order to avoid paying them employment benefits is also unethical since it does not create any benefit for the drivers. Thus according to the principles of Utilitarianism, the operations of the company Uber are Unethical. In case of Deliveroo the same can be said. The company Deliveroo like Uber does not recognize the couriers as employees in order to avoid paying employment benefits to them. Thus this can be viewed as unethical as no benefits are provided to the stakeholders. The theory of Virtue ethics is another theory that can be applied to assess whether the operations of the companies in concern are ethical. As opined by (Van Hooft, 2014) , the theory of virtue ethics is a normative theory which focuses on the virtue and moral character of a decision as opposed to duties and consequences of actions. Upholding the virtue or moral value is the fundamental aim of this theory just like consequences of actions are focused on most by consequensialists (Annas, 2015). As opined by (Carr 2016), virtue can be inherent quality of a person, the same can be acquired over time as well. Thus if the operations of the company Uber and Deliveroo are to be analyzed from the perspective of the Virtue Ethics it can be said that not recognizing the drivers and couriers as employees just to just avoid paying them employment benefits is prima facie unethical. It is no ethical to regard the couriers who make deliveries as independent contractors as their movements are tracke d and they have to wear uniform during shift hours. However their wage rate is lower than the minimum wage rate as set government. According to Letwin et al. (2016), deontology theories primarily focus on the duties of individuals. Such theories of deontology assess an action on the basis of whether it is right or wrong. Unlike the theory of consequentialism, deontological theories do not consideration the consequences of actions. Moral status of an act is determined by the intention of the agent performing it rather than the consequences of the act (Lefkowitz 2017). Thus by analyzing the operations of Uber and Deliveroo by the principles of Deontology it can be stated that the operations of the companies are inherently unethical. It is the responsibility of Uber to provide employment protection to the drivers and safety to the customers, however its business model cannot afford to allocate funds to comply with ethical standards. In case of the company Deliveroo, it can be said that it is the duty of the company to provide employment benefits to the courier as they significantly contribute to the success of the company. They are the ones who perform the main operations of the delivering the food. Thus it can be said that it is unethical to label them as independent contractors in order to avoid paying them employment benefits. Conclusion Thus in conclusion it can be said that the companies based on peer production system such as Uber and Deliveroo have immense opportunity for growth and expansion in new markets. However the business models of Uber and Deliveroo can afford to allocate funds in order to comply with ethical standards. The companies Uber and Deliveroo thus have been involved in a lot of controversy. Uber has faced allegations of sexual harassments of employees and customers and accusations of suppressing records of such sexual harassments. The Company Deliveroo has also been involved in a controversy as the couriers who make the deliveries have been labeled as independent contractors to avoid paying them any employment benefits. After analyzing these actions by several ethical theories it can be said that they are inherently unethical. Reference List: Annas, J., 2015. Applying virtue to ethics.Journal of Applied Philosophy,32(1), pp.1-14. Bauwens, M. and Niaros, V., 2017. The emergence of peer production: challenges and opportunities for labour and unions. Benkler, Y., 2016. Peer production and cooperation.Handbook on the Economics of the Internet,91. Bennett, W.L., Segerberg, A. and Walker, S., 2014. Organization in the crowd: peer production in large-scale networked protests.Information, Communication Society,17(2), pp.232-260. Butler, S. (2018).Deliveroo accused of 'creating vocabulary' to avoid calling couriers employees. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2017/apr/05/deliveroo-couriers-employees-managers [Accessed 27 Feb. 2018]. Carr, D., 2016. Virtue, character and emotion in people professions: towards a virtue ethics of interpersonal professional conduct. InTowards Professional Wisdom(pp. 113-126). Routledge. Eggleston, B. and Miller, D.E. eds., 2014.The Cambridge companion to utilitarianism. Cambridge University Press. Frazer, M.L. and Slote, M., 2015. Virtue Ethics.The Routledge Companion to Virtue Ethics, p.197. Graham, M. and Woodcock, J., 2018. Towards a fairer platform economy: introducing the Fairwork Foundation Hall, C.M. and Page, S.J., 2015. Following the impact factor: Utilitarianism or academic compliance?. Tourism Management,51, pp.309-312. Kostakis, V., Niaros, V. and Giotitsas, C., 2015. Production and governance in hackerspaces: A manifestation of Commons-based peer production in the physical realm?.International Journal of Cultural Studies,18(5), pp.555-573. Lefkowitz, J., 2017.Ethics and values in industrial-organizational psychology. Taylor Francis. Letwin, C., Wo, D., Folger, R., Rice, D., Taylor, R., Richard, B. and Taylor, S., 2016. The right and the good in ethical leadership: Implications for supervisors performance and promotability evaluations.Journal of Business Ethics,137(4), pp.743-755. Lownsbrough, H. (2018).Ubers practices are morally unacceptable but a boycott wont help | Hannah Lownsbrough.the Guardian. Retrieved 27 February 2018, from https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/jul/13/uber-practices-company-london-consumer-sumofus Massotte, P., 2017.Ethics in Social Networking and Business 1: Theory, Practice and Current Recommendations. John Wiley Sons. Piacquadio, P.G., 2017. A fairness justification of utilitarianism.Econometrica,85(4), pp.1261-1276. Recruitment-international.co.uk. (2018).FCSA urges enforcement of minimum wage as Deliveroo couriers pursue workers rights - Recruitment International. [online] Available at: https://www.recruitment-international.co.uk/blog/2016/11/fcsa-urges-enforcement-of-minimum-wage-as-deliveroo-couriers-pursue-workers-rights [Accessed 7 Mar. 2018].. Solon, O. (2018).Uber fires more than 20 employees after sexual harassment investigation.the Guardian. Retrieved 27 February 2018, from https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/jun/06/uber-fires-employees-sexual-harassment-investigation The Conversation. (2018).Uber can't be ethical its business model won't allow it. [online] Available at: https://theconversation.com/uber-cant-be-ethical-its-business-model-wont-allow-it-85015 [Accessed 27 Feb. 2018]. Van Hooft, S., 2014.Understanding virtue ethics. Routledge.